2 Corinthians 5:9
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
2 Corinthians 5:9
9 Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him.
Chapter Context
2 Corinthians 5 is a apologetic epistle chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of holiness, hope, discipleship. Written during Paul's third missionary journey (c. 55-56 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Paul defended his apostleship against challenges in a culture valuing rhetorical prowess.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-21: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides guidance for worship and spiritual devotion. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 2 Corinthians and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
2 Corinthians 5:9
9 Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him.
Analysis
Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him—Philotimoumetha (φιλοτιμούμεθα, "we make it our ambition, we earnestly strive") comes from philos ("loving") and timē ("honor")—literally, "to be honor-loving," meaning ambitious pursuit of what brings honor. Paul's supreme ambition: euarestoi autō einai (εὐάρεστοι αὐτῷ εἶναι, "to be well-pleasing to Him").
Whether present or absent—eite endēmountes eite ekdēmountes (εἴτε ἐνδημοῦντες εἴτε ἐκδημοῦντες)—covers both earthly life and heavenly existence. The goal isn't escaping this world but pleasing Christ in both realms. Paul balances otherworldly hope (vv. 1-8) with present ethical responsibility (v. 9). Faith in future glory doesn't produce passivity but energizes present obedience. The verb is present tense—ongoing, continual pursuit. This grounds Christian ethics: behavior is motivated not by fear of punishment but desire for Christ's approval, grounded in assured future glory.
Historical Context
Greek culture was driven by philotimia—love of honor and competitive pursuit of glory. Paul baptizes this cultural value: redirect honor-seeking from human approval to divine pleasure. This counters Corinthian preoccupation with status and Paul's critics who judged by worldly standards (v. 12). True honor is Christ's "Well done, good and faithful servant."
Reflection
- What ambitions currently drive your daily decisions—how do they compare to Paul's singular ambition to please Christ?
- How does knowing you will stand before Christ's judgment seat (v. 10) affect your choices today?
- What specific changes would manifest in your life if pleasing Christ became your supreme ambition above comfort, security, or human approval?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Genesis 4:7, Isaiah 56:7, Acts 10:35, Romans 14:8, 14:18, 15:20